A The Impact of Modernization in the * " Philippines II

This report contains four chapters, each chapter representing a project of the Ateneo-Pcnn State Basic Research Program. The first chapter, concerning the Iluilo in transition study, describes the fishing industry of Estancia, Iloilo, a booming fishing town in central Philippines, and attempts to delineate the relationships among the different socioeconomic classes involved in it. The second chapter is a review of the research on social control systems in different non-Western societies. These systems are studied with the popular dichotomy between normoriented control and sanction-oriented control serving as a guideline. However, the ultimate inadequacy of this dichotomy is pointed out, and alternative formulations are presented. The concepts delineated in this review were employed in a study of autonomy and dependency among Filipino children which was conducted in Bicol recently. The third chapter presents findings on the phenomena of altruism and aiding responses, Studies reviewed are classified as either naturalistic, correlationa-, or experimental in npproach. Variables found to bear a significant relationship to altruism and the aiding response are discussed, and suggestions for the conduct of future research on altruism and aiding responses are presented. The concepts outlined here will form the basis of a future study of the aiding response in the Philippines. The last chapter, on the Cognitive mapping study, shows how data gathered during the second six months of the project confirm the suitability of the techniques being employed. A certain measure of support is provided for the psychological validity of structural models. Regional variations in the Tagalog kinship system are described, and a hypothesis on the relationship between kinship terminology end social status is presented.